Echiche ndị bụ isiBPCS
Usoro nchịkwa usoro ihe bụ isi: Na-azaghachi akara ntinye sitere na usoro, ngwa ndị metụtara usoro, usoro mmemme ndị ọzọ, na / ma ọ bụ onye na-arụ ọrụ, ma na-emepụta usoro nke na-eme ka usoro ahụ na ihe ndị metụtara usoro na-arụ ọrụ dị ka achọrọ, ma ọ naghị arụ ọrụ ọ bụla. Ọrụ nchekwa ngwaọrụ na SIL≥1 ekwuputara.(Nkọwa: GB/T 21109.1-2007 (IEC 61511-1: 2003, IDT) nchekwa ọrụ nke sistemu eji arụ ọrụ nchekwa na ụlọ ọrụ usoro - Akụkụ 1: Framework, nkọwa, sistemụ, ngwaike na ngwanrọ chọrọ 3.3.2)
Sistemụ Njikwa Usoro Basic: Na-aza akara ntinye sitere na nha usoro yana ngwa ndị ọzọ metụtara, ngwa ndị ọzọ, sistemụ njikwa, ma ọ bụ ndị na-arụ ọrụ.Dị ka usoro iwu na-achịkwa usoro, algọridim na usoro, a na-emepụta mgbaàmà mmepụta iji ghọta ọrụ nke njikwa usoro na ihe ndị metụtara ya.N'ime osisi ma ọ bụ osisi petrochemical, usoro nchịkwa nke bụ isi na-ejikarị usoro nchịkwa nkesa (DCS).Usoro nchịkwa usoro nke isi ekwesịghị ịrụ ọrụ nchekwa ngwá ọrụ maka SIL1, SIL2, SIL3.(Ihe atụ: GB/T 50770-2013 Koodu maka imewe nke petrochemical nchekwa instrumented 2.1.19)
『SIS』
Usoro nchekwa ihe eji eme ihe: Ngwa eji arụ ọrụ iji mejuputa otu ma ọ bụ ọtụtụ ọrụ nchekwa ngwaọrụ.SIS nwere ike ịnwe nchikota ihe mmetụta ọ bụla, mgbagha mgbagha na mmewere ikpeazụ.
Ọrụ nchekwa akụrụngwa;SIF nwere SIL a kapịrị ọnụ iji nweta ọrụ nchekwa nchekwa ọrụ, nke nwere ike ịbụ ma ọrụ nchekwa nchekwa ngwaọrụ yana ọrụ njikwa nchekwa ngwaọrụ.
Ọkwa nchekwa nchekwa;A na-eji SIL kọwapụta ọkwa pụrụ iche (otu n'ime ọkwa 4) maka nchekwa nchekwa chọrọ nke ọrụ nchekwa ngwaọrụ ekenyere na sistemụ akụrụngwa nchekwa.SIL4 bụ ọkwa kachasị elu nke ntụkwasị obi nchekwa yana SIL1 bụ nke kacha ala.
(Nkọwa: GB/T 21109.1-2007 (IEC 61511-1: 2003, IDT) nchekwa ọrụ nke usoro ihe eji arụ ọrụ nchekwa maka ụlọ ọrụ usoro Nkebi 1: Framework, nkọwa, usoro, ngwaike na ngwanrọ chọrọ 3.2.72/3.2.71/ 3.2.74)
Usoro ihe eji eme ihe nchekwa: Usoro eji arụ ọrụ nke na-arụ otu ọrụ ma ọ bụ karịa nchekwa.(Ndepụta: GB/T 50770-2013 Usoro maka imewe nke petrochemical nchekwa instrumented usoro 2.1.1);
Ọdịiche dị n'etiti BPCS na SIS
Safety instrumented System (SIS) na-adabere na usoro njikwa usoro BPCS (dị ka usoro nchịkwa nkesa DCS, wdg), mmepụta na-adịkarị ụra ma ọ bụ static, ozugbo mmepụta ngwaọrụ ma ọ bụ ihe owuwu nwere ike ibute ihe mberede nchekwa, nwere ike ịme ihe ziri ezi ozugbo. nke mere na usoro mmepụta ihe na-akwụsị n'enweghị ihe ọ bụla ma ọ bụ na-ebubata ọnọdụ nchekwa a kara aka, ga-enwerịrị ntụkwasị obi dị elu (ya bụ, nchekwa ọrụ) na nhazi nhazi nhazi, ma ọ bụrụ na usoro ihe nchekwa na-ada ada, na-ebutekarị nnukwu ihe mberede nchekwa.(Ndepụta: Ọchịchị General nke Nchekwa Nchekwa Nke 3 (2014) Nke 116, Nduzi Echiche nke Ọchịchị Ọchịchị nke Nlekọta Nchekwa na Ịkwalite Nlekọta nke Ụlọ Ọrụ Nchekwa Chemical)
Ihe nnwere onwe SIS si na BPCS pụtara: Ọ bụrụ na arụ ọrụ nkịtị nke BPCS akara aka na-emezu ihe ndị a chọrọ, enwere ike iji ya dị ka oyi akwa nchekwa nke onwe ya, a ga-ekewapụ akara akara BPCS n'ụzọ anụ ahụ na nchekwa ọrụ nchekwa ngwá ọrụ (SIS). loop SIF, gụnyere ihe mmetụta, njikwa na ihe ikpeazụ.
Ọdịiche dị n'etiti BPCS na SIS:
Ọrụ ebumnuche dị iche iche: ọrụ mmepụta / ọrụ nchekwa;
Steeti arụ ọrụ dị iche iche: njikwa oge / oge ịgbachi nkịtị;
Ihe dị iche iche a pụrụ ịdabere na ya: SIS chọrọ ntụkwasị obi dị elu;
Ụzọ nchịkwa dị iche iche: njikwa na-aga n'ihu dị ka isi / njikwa mgbagha dị ka isi njikwa;
Ụzọ dị iche iche nke ojiji na nrụzi: SIS bụ ihe siri ike;
Njikọ BPCS na SIS
Enwere ike ịtụle ma BPCS na SIS nwere ike kesaa ihe mejupụtara site na akụkụ atọ ndị a:
Ihe achọrọ na ntinye nke nkọwa ọkọlọtọ, ihe nchekwa chọrọ, usoro IPL, nyocha SIL;
Ntụle akụ na ụba (ọ bụrụhaala na ezuru ihe nchekwa nchekwa ndị bụ isi), dịka nyocha ALARP (dị obere ka enwere ike ime ya);
A na-ekpebi ndị njikwa ma ọ bụ ndị injinia dabere na ahụmịhe na ebumnuche ebumnuche.
N'ụzọ ọ bụla, ihe kacha nta chọrọ iji mezuo ihe achọrọ nke ụkpụrụ na ụkpụrụ achọrọ.
Oge nzipu: Sep-09-2023